Trinity University

LATIN AMERICAN AND LATINO STUDIES (Professors Arturo Madrid, Pablo Martínez, and David Spener*)

Latin American & Latino Studies focuses on the study of the historical experience, cultural expression, and social, political and economic institutions of the peoples and societies shaped by the legacy of Spanish and Portuguese colonialism throughout the western hemisphere. The concentration addresses in integrative fashion the evolution of Latino communities of the western hemisphere as they grow and expand beyond their traditional historical spaces. Latin American & Latino Studies allows students to focus on the experience of Latinos both in Latin America and the United States. The concentration recognizes that even as Latin American societies become more “Americanized,” U.S. society is becoming more “hispanicized.”

To complete the major, students must satisfy:

Required courses: HIST 3369: U.S. Diplomatic History, or PLSI 1331: Comparing Countries, or SOCI 1316: Places and Regions in Global Context. INTL 3100: International Studies Colloquium enrollment required during all semesters in the major. Completion of at least 33 semester hours.

Advanced language study: at least six upper division hours. This requirement may be modified in special circumstances upon recommendation of the advisor.

Study abroad: recommended, with the advice of the Study Abroad Advisor.

Senior portfolio: INTL 4104 must be completed in the senior year. The portfolio reflects upon work completed toward the major and explains its relevance to professional and scholarly goals.

Requirements: Eighteen hours, including one of the introductory courses and at least one from each of the three main tracks below. Students may substitute courses abroad or other special course offerings for comparable courses in the tracks. Students are strongly encouraged to take a Spanish across the Curriculum course in each of the tracks.

Introduction to Latin American/Latino Studies (one course)

GNED 3325 The U.S. Latino Experience
An examination of the evolution of the Latino communities of the United States, with attention to the role of U.S. foreign policy in creating Latino communities, the impact of domestic policy on the various sub-groups, continuity and change in the Latino communities of the U.S., and the emergence of a trans-national Latino community and culture in the U.S

HIST 1140 Preceptorial in Latin American Cultural Traditions 
This one-hour course provides enrichment for interested students in HIST 1340 (Latin American Cultural Traditions). The preceptorial meets once a week for 50 minutes to discuss primary sources, such as written documents, maps, images, or literature. Special attention will be given to writing. Co-requisite: Students must be enrolled concurrently in HIST 1340.

HIST 1340 Latin American Cultural Traditions 
Beginning with the first Americans and ending with contemporary Latin America, this course provides a synthetic overview of the emergence of distinctive cultural traditions in Latin America. The "old" worlds of Pre-Columbian America, Iberia, and Africa are studied as are the historical processes that created "new" world cultural traditions in Latin America. Interested students may register concurrently for HIST 1140 (Preceptorial in Latin American Cultural Traditions).

 SPAN 3312 Latin American Civilization
A topical approach to the study of the area of Latin America, with readings and lectures on people and landscape, races, revolution and reform, and expression through art. Prerequisite: SPAN 2302 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor

Art and Culture Track (at least one course)

ANTH 3357/ARTH 3335 Pre-Columbian Art of Mesoamerica 
This course is a survey of the art of Mesoamerica and will examine the art of the Olmec, Western Mexico, Gulf Coast, Teotihuacan, Maya, Toltecs, Zapotecs, Mixtecs, and the Aztecs. Art mediums will include architecture, sculpture, ceramics and other portable art, murals, ancient manuscripts such as codices, jewelry, and even graffiti. Students will have an opportunity to work with materials on and off-exhibit in the Pre-Columbia collection at the San Antonio Museum of Art for their research papers. (Also listed as ARTH 3335.)

ANTH 3356 Seminar on the Ancient Maya 
This course surveys the culture of ancient Maya, including material culture, as well as mythology, calendrics, art, and writing. It will cover several ancient Maya sites in depth, as well as the contact period and the contemporary Maya. Prerequisite: ANTH 1305.

ARTH 1312 Art and Architecture of Latin America since the 16th Century 
This course examines the rich and diverse art of the Americas since the arrival of Europeans in the sixteenth century. It considers the architecture, painting, sculpture, photography, and planning of this region with the aim of understanding the distinctive elements of Latin American art as well as its commonalities with the art of Europe and the United States. The course will consider works in relation to the dramatic social and political changes of the last five centuries and the ways in which the study of the art of Latin America complicates established art historical narratives.

ARTH 3345 Spanish Colonial Art and Architecture in Mexico 
A study of the arts of Mexico from Conquest to Independence (1521-1821), with special attention to architecture and to architectural painting and sculpture. The study also includes the Spanish sources of this art (the Late Gothic, Plateresque, Renaissance, Baroque, and Neo-Classical stylistic periods) and the persistence of indigenous forms, images, and sensibilities. The course includes original material at hand: the San Antonio Missions and works in the San Antonio Museum of Art.

ARTH 3354 Mexico City
Imperial capital, colonial capital, pounding mega-city of the twenty-first century: Mexico City has been one of the world's great urban centers for roughly 700 years. Its many faces and extraordinary history are the subjects of this course. The course will examine the city's architectural and urban growth from its founding by the Aztecs to the present, and also consider how the capital has been viewed and represented by travelers, artists, and critics. The course will proceed in a generally chronological way, but much as the ancient past and ultra-modern present touch in today's Mexico City, we will also examine moments from different centuries next to one another to explore continuities and ruptures of architectural form and urban experience.

ARTH 3361 Public Art across the Border 
This course considers the public art of Mexico and the United States, and the rich cross-border exchanges between and among Mexican and U.S. artists in the twentieth and early twenty-first centuries. The course will examine the work of several artists in depth, explore the intimate relationship between public art and social and political reform, and analyze the changing place of public art in popular and art historical discourses. Special attention will be given to Mexican Muralism and its influences.

ENGL 4323 Studies in American Literature: Literature and Culture in the Latina/o Borderlands 

GNED 3326 U.S. Latino Cultural and Artistic Expression 
An examination and evaluation of U.S. Latino artistic/cultural expression, with specific attention to the artistic production of U.S. Latino artists, and the development of a unique U.S. Latino artistic expression.

RELI 3380 U.S. Latino Religious Practices and Traditions 
This course examines the beliefs, theologies, and practices of diverse U.S. Latino communities. In addition to Catholicism and Protestantism, the course will review the impact of African and Native American religious traditions. The course critically examines how U.S. Latino religious experiences impact race, class, gender, and sexuality with a particular emphasis on examining the Latino community in San Antonio. Prerequisite: RELI 1360.

SPAN 3322 Spanish American Cinema
 An examination of a variety of Spanish American films with a focus on their artistic qualities, the history of Spanish American cinema, and the depictions of Spanish American culture and literature in the films. Prerequisite: SPAN 2302 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 3332 Introduction to Spanish American Literature 
An examination of major literary movements, authors, and works of Spanish American literature from 1492 to the present. Prerequisite: SPAN 3301 or 3302, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 4342 Spanish American Literature before Modernism 
A study of works from the Colonial and Postcolonial period to Modernism from a literary, historical, and cultural perspective. The focus of this course will be the transition from the colonial period to the formation of national identities. Prerequisite: SPAN 3332 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 4343 Twentieth-Century Spanish American Poetry 
A study of important works of major poets of the twentieth century from Modernismo and Vanguardismo to the end of the century. Prerequisite: SPAN 3332 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 4344 Twentieth-Century Spanish American Novel 
A study of important works of novelists of the latter half of the twentieth century. Prerequisite: SPAN 3332 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 4345 Twentieth-Century Spanish American Short Story 
A study of important works of major short story writers of the twentieth century. Prerequisite: SPAN 3332 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 4346 Twentieth-Century Spanish American Drama 
A study of important works of Spanish American drama of the twentieth century. Prerequisite: SPAN 3332 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 4347 National and Regional Literatures of Spanish America  
A study of works from specific nations or regions of Spanish America.

SPAN 4348 Spanish American Women Writers 
A study of important works by Spanish American women authors with emphasis on the place of these texts in the larger Spanish American literary tradition. Prerequisite: SPAN 3332 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

Spanish Across the Curriculum Courses

COMM 3120/INTL 3107 La telenovela en América Latina 
An examination of the Latin American telenovela, or soap opera, from the perspectives of development communication, popular culture, and international television. This course will be conducted entirely in Spanish. (Also listed as INTL 3107.) Prerequisite: SPAN 2302, the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

INTL 3108 Una breve historia de América Latina en el siglo XX a través de su música popular 

INTL 3110 La música popular latinoaméricana 
A study of Latin American culture through popular music, this course will explore both musical forms and lyrics. Musical forms include bolero, tango, balada, cumbia, salsa, rumba, and merengue. The multilayered messages in the lyrics will be analyzed for social and political insights into Latin American culture. This course will be conducted entirely in Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 2302, the equivalent, or consent of instructor

INTL 3120 La historia cultural del baile latinoaméricano 
An examination of the cultural influences on contemporary Latin American dance, including dances of European, African, or mestizo origin, such as the cumbia, samba, tango, waltz criollo, polka, salsa, merengue, and vallenato, as well as indigenous dances such as the cueca, huayno, diablada, and morenada. This course will be taught entirely in Spanish and will include demonstrations of the several dance steps. (Also listed as ANTH 3120.) Prerequisite: SPAN 2302 or the equivalent.

INTL 3133 La República Dominicana: una introducción
As an introduction to the Dominican Republic, this course includes information on the history, politics, economy, society, literature, arts, and culture of the island nation. The course draws on academic and literary texts in Spanish, as well as on slides, audiovisual recordings, food, and other resources to explore the various themes. This course will be conducted entirely in Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 2302, the equivalent, or consent of instructor

History, Economics, and Politics Track (one course)

ANTH 3364 Economic Anthropology 

ARTH 3354 Mexico City
Imperial capital, colonial capital, pounding mega-city of the twenty-first century: Mexico City has been one of the world's great urban centers for roughly 700 years. Its many faces and extraordinary history are the subjects of this course. The course will examine the city's architectural and urban growth from its founding by the Aztecs to the present, and also consider how the capital has been viewed and represented by travelers, artists, and critics. The course will proceed in a generally chronological way, but much as the ancient past and ultra-modern present touch in today's Mexico City, we will also examine moments from different centuries next to one another to explore continuities and ruptures of architectural form and urban experience

ECON 3341 Economic Development of Mexico
Economic aspects of Spanish colonialism; the transition to national independence; difficulties associated with the period through 1876; industrialization and development through the Revolution; the takeoff of the modern economy after 1940; contemporary issues. Prerequisites: ECON 1311 and 1312.

ECON 3342 Latin American Economic History 
A selective survey of the principal currents of economic growth and change in Latin America since the sixteenth century. Special attention given to the uneven formation of market economies and to problems associated with colonialism and neo-colonialism; with international financial crises and adjustment; and with ideologically diverse models of development. (Also listed as HIST 3348.) Prerequisites: ECON 1311 and 1312.

ECON 3343 Slavery and the Atlantic Economy (HIST 3384)
Interdisciplinary analysis of the Atlantic market joining Europe, Africa, and the Americas from the sixteenth through nineteenth centuries, with particular emphasis upon slavery, the slave trade, and the development of the "plantation complex." Makes explicit use of economic theory to explain historical change. (Also listed as HIST 3395.) Prerequisites: ECON 1311 and HIST 1334 or HIST 1340 or consent of instructor

HIST 3344 Modern Brazil 
The history of Brazil from 1500 to present. Topics include: slavery and race relations; family life; Indians and the Amazon; the changing Catholic Church.

HIST 3346 Modern Mexico 
Mexico since independence with emphasis on Juárez and the Reform, the Díaz regime, the Revolution, relations with the United States, and major developments since 1920.

HIST 3384 Slavery and the Atlantic Economy (ECON 3343) 
Interdisciplinary analysis of the Atlantic market joining Europe, Africa, and the Americas from the sixteenth through nineteenth centuries, with particular emphasis upon slavery, the slave trade, and the development of the "plantation complex." Makes explicit use of economic theory to explain historical change. (Also listed as ECON 3343.) Prerequisites: ECON 1311 and HIST 1334 or HIST 1340, or consent of instructor.

PLSI 3333 Latin American Politics 
An interdisciplinary survey of government and politics in Latin America, focusing on democratization, authoritarianism, and revolution in several major countries.

SOCI/ANTH 4362 Globalization and International Development 
Advanced seminar studying the relationship between economic development and social change at the international level. Examines the rise of capitalism as a global mode of production and its impact on local cultures in the contemporary period. Special attention paid to the rise of transnational communities and grassroots movements for social justice. (Also listed as ANTH 4362.) Prerequisites: Junior standing and completion of at least one lower-division sociology course or SOCI 1301 or 2357.

Spanish Across the Curriculum courses

BUSN 3340 Haciendo negocios en latinoaméricana (INTL 3340) 
This course is both a language and an applied business course. On the language part, it is intended to increase the Spanish proficiency in reading, writing, and speaking. The other aspect of the course includes a thorough understanding of cultural, political, and economic aspects of the Latin American business environment. Moreover, the course will immerse the student in the intricacies of exporting to, importing from, establishing a new business in, or operating a foreign branch in a Latin American country. Prerequisites: ECON 1311, Spanish proficiency, and consent of instructor. (Also listed as INTL 3340.)

INTL 3101 La economía mexicana 
An examination of the most significant contemporary issues affecting the economic life of Mexico. The international, agricultural, financial, communications, and labor sectors of the economy are analyzed in depth, and their relationship to the macroeconomic performance of the country is studied. Special attention is given to the political situation of the country and its impact on the economy. This course will be conducted entirely in Spanish. (Cross-listed as ECON 3141.) Prerequisites: SPAN 2302, ECON 1311 and 1312 or 3318 or consent of instructor.

INTL 3121 Las matemáticas en las ciencias sociales 
This course will examine a number of concepts, tools, and methods useful for modeling problems in the social sciences. Among the specific topics to be considered are the mathematics of voting, Arrow's impossibility theorem, the notion of power, methods of fair division and apportionment, and the mathematics of conflict and escalation. The level throughout will be elementary and there are no formal mathematical prerequisites. The course will be conducted entirely in Spanish. Prerequisite: SPAN 2302 or the equivalent.

SOCI/ANTH/INTL 3343 Relaciones fronterizas: México-Estados Unidos (bilingüe) 
In this seminar we will examine a variety of social, cultural, political, and economic phenomena that characterize the Mexico-United States border region. Includes an optional overnight excursion to communities located on the international boundary itself. This course is conducted bilingually in Spanish and English, i.e., in both languages of the Mexico-U.S. border region. Competence in speaking, reading, writing, and listening in both Spanish and English is a requirement for participation in the course. (Also listed as ANTH 3343 and SOCI 3343.) Prerequisites: SPAN 2302, the equivalent, and consent of instructor.

Race, Ethnicity, and Gender Track (at least one course)

ANTH 3367 South American Indigenous Peoples: Conquest and Development 
The impact of colonialism and development on tropical forest and Andean Indian societies in South America with emphasis of the influence of native social and cultural systems in these groups' relations with national societies and international economies.

HIST 3340 Latin American Perspectives 
An examination of Latin American history through a study of 19th and 20th century texts from different social and ethnic groups; special attention to interpretations by Native Americans and African Americans. Prerequisite: HIST 1340 or consent of instructor.

SPAN 3332 Introduction to Spanish American Literature  
An examination of major literary movements, authors, and works of Spanish American literature from 1492 to the present. Prerequisite: SPAN 3301 or 3302, or consent of instructor.

SPAN 4348 Spanish America Women Writers 
A study of important works by Spanish American women authors with emphasis on the place of these texts in the larger Spanish American literary tradition. Prerequisite: SPAN 3332 or the equivalent, or consent of instructor.

Spanish Across the Curriculum Courses

INTL 3104 La experiencia Latina en los Estados Unidos 
An examination of the historical experience and cultural expression of the Latino population of the United States, with attention to the role of U.S. foreign policy in creating Latino communities, the impact of domestic policy on the various sub-groups, the evolution of U.S. Latino cultural expression, and the changing relationship of Latinos to U.S. society and its institutions. This course will be taught entirely in Spanish and is designed to accompany GNED 3325. Prerequisites: SPAN 2302, the equivalent, or consent of instructor; and students must have completed, or be enrolled in, GNED 3325.

SOCI/ANTH/INTL 3343 Relaciones fronterizas: México-Estados Unidos (bilingüe) 
In this seminar we will examine a variety of social, cultural, political, and economic phenomena that characterize the Mexico-United States border region. Includes an optional overnight excursion to communities located on the international boundary itself. This course is conducted bilingually in Spanish and English, i.e., in both languages of the Mexico-U.S. border region. Competence in speaking, reading, writing, and listening in both Spanish and English is a requirement for participation in the course. (Also listed as ANTH 3343 and SOCI 3343.) Prerequisites: SPAN 2302, the equivalent, and consent of instructor.